Original Scientific Article Beetroot (Beta vulgaris) is a root vegetable with deep red color, rich in vitamins, minerals, fiber and antioxidants, having numerous health benefits. The current study aimed to determine the effect of beetroot extract with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the rumen pH, ammonia, volatile fatty acids (VFAs), total bacterial and protozoal count in Awassi lambs. The beetroot extract was obtained by Soxhlet apparatus. The AgNPs were synthesized from the aqueous beetroot extract. Ten lambs aged (3-6 months) were reared in similar environmental and feeding conditions and were divided into two groups: G1 – fed with AgNPs-Beetroot (AgNPs-BR), orally (3 mg/kg/Bw), daily for 8 weeks; and G2, fed with normal saline. Rumen samples were measured at 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after administering AgNPs-BR. Rumen pH was significantly lower in G1 than in G2. The ammonia levels were non-significantly different in the 2nd and the 4th week. However, significant differences were observed at the 6th week. The VFAs, total bacterial, and protozoal count were significantly higher in G1. AgNPs-BR improved rumen function by altering its pH, ammonia, and VFAs concentration, as well as the total bacteria and protozoa count. Therefore, it can be concluded that AgNPs-BR may yield increased economic efficiency in sheep farming. https://macvetrev.mk/LoadArticlePdf/361 2025-03-15 77 85 https://doi.org/10.2478/macvetrev-2025-0017 beetroot silver nanoparticles lambs rumen ammonia volatile fatty acid Tamara Natiq Dawood tamara.natiq@covm.uobaghdad.edu.iq false 1 College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Baghdad, Iraq LEAD_AUTHOR Gledhill, D. (2008). The names of plants. (p. 70). New York: Cambridge University Press 1 https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511550898 Pin, P.A., Zhang, W., Vogt, S.H., et al. (2012). The role of a pseudo-response regulator gene in life cycle adaptation and domestication of Beet. Curr Biol. 22(12): 1095-1101. 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