Original Scientific Article
Factors affecting fin damage of farmed rainbow trout
Aleksandar Cvetkovikj
*
,
Miroslav Radeski
,
Dijana Blazhekovikj-Dimovska
,
Vasil Kostov
,
Vangjel Stevanovski
Abstract
The aims of this study were to determine the influence of the factors affecting fin damage under different rainbow trout production systems and to compare the findings with the known experimental reports. The study was based on a questionnaire that included information about the main factors i.e. oxygen level in exit water, water temperature, stocking density, daily feed ration, number of meals and grading frequency on seven rainbow trout farms. Standard multiple regression analysis, based on a previously published fin damage dataset, was used to assess the relationship between the level of fin damage per fin and the factors. Daily feed ration received the strongest weight in the model for the caudal, anal and both pectoral fins, whereas number of meals received the strongest weight in the model for both pelvic fins. Grading frequency received the strongest weight only in the dorsal fin model. Lower levels of daily feed ration and number of meals combined with higher water temperature increased the level of fin damage, whereas stocking density had no effect. The results conform to the experimental research on fin damage in rainbow trout. The research model contributes to the overall assessment of fish welfare and the regression analysis used in this study could be used on rainbow trout farms to evaluate the effect of the main factors on the level of fin damage.
Keywords: rainbow trout, factor, fin condition, fish welfare
References
1. Hoyle I, Oidtmann B, Ellis T, Turnbull J, North B, Nikolaidis J, Knowles T.G, A validated macroscopic key to assess fin damage in farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)Aquaculture 2007; 270: 142-148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2007.03.037.
2. Kindschi G.A, Barrows F.T, Effects and interaction of phenotype and rearing density on growth and fin erosion in rainbow troutN Am J Aquacult 2009; 71: 179-86.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/A07-063.1.
3. Ellis T, Oidtmann B, St-Hilaire S, Turnbull J, North B, MacIntyre C, Nikolaidis J, Hoyle I, Kestin S, Knowles T, Branson E, Fin erosion in farmed fishFish Welfare 2008; Oxford: Blackwell; 121-149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470697610.ch9. PMid:17929165
7. Rasmussen R.S, Larsen F.H, Jensen S, Fin condition and growth among rainbow trout reared at different sizes, densities and feeding frequencies in high temperature recirculated waterAquacult Int 2007; 15: 97-107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10499-006-9070-1.
8. Person-Le Ruyet J, Le Bayon N, Effects of temperature, stocking density and farming conditions on fin damage in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)Aquat Living Resour 2009; 22: 349-62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/alr/2009047.
10. Cvetkovikj A, Radeski M, Blazhekovikj-Dimovska D, Kostov V, Stevanovski V, Fin damage of farmed rainbow trout in the Republic of MacedoniaMac Vet Rev 2013; 36: 273-83.
11. Petersson E, Karlsson L, Ragnarsson B, Bryntesson M, Berglund A, Stridsman S, Jonsson S, Fin erosion and injuries in relation to adult recapture rates in cultured smolts of Atlantic salmon and brown troutCan J Fish Aquat Sci 2013; 70: 6915-921. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2012-0247.
13. Rosenthal R, Cooper H, Hedges L.V, Parametric measures of effect sizeThe Handbook of research synthesis 1994; New York: Russell Sage Foundation; 231-244.PMid:8005375
14. Rosenberg M.S, Adams D.C, Gurevitch J, MetaWin 2.1, Release 5.10 2012;
18. Canon Jones H.A, Hansen L.A, Noble C, Damsgard B, Broom D.M, Pearce G.P, Social network analysis of behavioural interactions influencing fin damage development in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) during feed-restrictionAppl Anim Behav Sci 2010; 127: 139-351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2010.09.004.
20. Noble C, Kadri S, Mitchell D.F, Huntingford F.A, Influence of feeding regime on intraspecific competition, fin damage and growth in 1+Atlantic salmon parr (Salmo salar L.) held in freshwater production cagesAquacult Res 2007; 38: 1137-1143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2007.01777.x.
21. Noble C, Kadri S, Mitchell D.F, Huntingford F.A, Growth, production and fin damage in cage-held 0+Atlantic salmon pre-smolts (Salmo salar L.) fed either a) on-demand, or b) to a fixed satiation–restriction regime:data from a commercial farmAquaculture 2008; 275: 163-168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2007.12.028.
22. Suzuki K, Mizusawa K, Noble C, Tabata M, The growth, feed conversion ratio and fin damage of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss under self-feeding and hand feeding regimesFisheries Sci 2008; 74: 941-943. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1444-2906.2008.01610.x.
23. Wagner E. J, Routledge M. D, Intelmann S. S, Assessment of demand feeder spacing on hatchery performance, fin condition, and size variation of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykissJ World Aquacult Soc 1996; 27: 1130-136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.1996.tb00604.x.
24. Attia J, Millot S, Di-Poi C, Begout M, Noble C, Sanchez-Vazquez F. J, Terova G, Saroglia M, Damsgard B, Demand feeding and welfare in farmed fishFish Physiol Biochem 2012; 38: 1107-118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10695-011-9538-4. PMid:21728053
29. Adams C.E, Turnbull J.F, Bell A, Bron J.E, Huntingford F.A, Multiple determinants of welfare in farmed fish:stocking density, disturbance and aggression in salmonCan J Fish Aquat Sci 2007; 64: 336-344. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f07-018.
30. Person-LeRuyet J, Labbe L, Bayon N.L, Severe A, Roux A.L, Delliou H.L, Quemener L, Combined effects of water quality and stocking density on welfare and growth of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)Aquat Living Resour 2008; 21: 185-195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/alr:2008024.
31. Canon Jones H.A, Noble C, Damsgard B, Pearce G.P, Social network analysis of the behavioural interactions that influence the development of fin damage in Atlantic salmon parr (Salmo salar) held at different stocking densitiesAppl Anim Behav Sci 2011; 133: 117-126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2011.05.005.
32. Noble C, Canon Jones H.A, Damsgard B, Flood M.J, Midling K.Ø, Roque A, Sæther B.S, Cottee S.Y, Injuries and deformities in fish:their potential impacts upon aquacultural production and welfareFish Physiol Biochem 2012; 38: 161-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10695-011-9557-1. PMid:21918861
34. Macintyre C, Water quality and welfare assessment on United Kingdom trout farmsPhD thesis. Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling 2008;
35. Turnbull J.F, Richards R.H, Robertson D.A, Gross, histological and scanning electron microscopic appearance of dorsal fin rot in farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., parrJ Fish Dis 1996; 19: 415-427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2761.1996.d01-93.x.
36. Schneider R, Nicholson B.L, Bacteria associated with fin rot disease in hatchery reared Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)Can J Fish Aquat Sci 1980; 37: 1505-1513.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f80-195.
37. Wagner E.J, Arndt R, Routledge M.D, Bradwisch Q, Hatchery performance and fin erosion of Bonneville cutthroat trout, Oncorhynchus clarki, at two temperaturesJ App Aquacult 1998; 8: 1-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J028v08n02_01.
38. Farm Animal Welfare Council. Report on the welfare of farmed fish 1996; Surbiton, Surrey: FAWC;
39. Abbott J.C, Dunbrack R.L, Orr C.D, The interaction of size and experience in dominance relationships of juvenile steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri)Behaviour 1985; 92: 241-253.
Copyright
© 2015 Cvetkovikj A. This is an open-access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors declared that they have no potential conflict of interest with respect to the authorship and/or publication of this article.
Citation Information
Macedonian Veterinary Review. Volume 38, Issue 1, Pages 61-71, p-ISSN 1409-7621, e-ISSN 1857-7415, DOI: 10.14432/j.macvetrev.2014.11.032, 2015
10.14432/j.macvetrev.2014.11.032
