Original Scientific Article
Zoonotic endoparasites in dogs from the Bosnian-Podrinje canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Jasmin Omeragić ,
Davor Alagić ,
Sabina Šerić-Haračić * ,
Naida Kapo ,
Darinka Klarić Soldo ,
Emina Šabić ,
Ćazim Crnkić ,
Dženita Hadžijunuzović-Alagić ,
Edin Aganović ,
Vedad Škapur

Mac Vet Rev 2021; 44 (1): 63 - 70

10.2478/macvetrev-2021-0011

Received: 16 October 2020

Received in revised form: 01 December 2020

Accepted: 07 December 2020

Available Online First: 18 February 2021

Published on: 15 March 2021

Correspondence: Sabina Šerić-Haračić, sabina.seric-haracic@vfs.unsa.ba
PDF HTML

Abstract

More than 30 dog parasite species have been identified in Bosnia and Herzegovina so far, and half of these are zoonotic. The aim of the study was to investigate the occurrence of parasitic infections in dogs from Bosnian-podrinje canton with a focus on zoonotic parasites. The study included 212 dogs (107 owned and 105 stray). One or more of the twenty parasite species were found in 82.55% of tested samples. Dicrocoelium dendriticum (Class Trematoda) was found in 0.94% of dogs. Dipylidium caninum and Mesocestoides lineatus (Class Cestoda) were found in 7.55% and 0.94% of dogs, respectively. Taenia spp. and Echinococcus spp. (Family Taeniidae) were found in 0.47% and 0.94% of samples, respectively. In the family of Nematoda, the following parasite species were identified with corresponding percent among tested dogs: Toxocara canis (25.94%), Toxascaris leonine (8.96%), Strongyloides stercoralis (0.47%), Ancylostoma caninum (3.77%), Uncinaria stenocephala (52.36%), Trichuris vulpis (22.17%), Eucoleus aerophilus (1.42%), Dirofilaria immitis (1.89%) and Dirofilaria repens (1.42%). In the kingdom of Protozoa, the following parasite species were identified with corresponding percent among tested dogs: Cystoisospora canis (8.49%), C. ohioensis (2.36%), Cryptosporidium spp. (4.72%), Sarcocystis spp. (0.47%), Babesia spp. (5.19%), and Giardia duodenalis (15.57%). Leishmania infantum was not identified in tested samples. The results showed a high level of parasitic infestation in the dog population in the Bosnian-Podrinje canton, with a high occurrence of zoonotic parasites. Significant differences were found between owned and stray dogs for all classes of detected parasites with exception of the class Trematoda, disregarding specific parasite species.

Keywords: Bosnian-Podrinje canton, dogs, endoparasites, zoonotic

References

  1. Dantas-Torres, F., Otranto, D. (2014). Dogs, cats, parasites, and humans in Brazil: opening the black box. Parasites Vectors 7, 22. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-7-22 PMid:24423244 PMCid:PMC3914713
  2. Barutzki, D., Schaper, R. (2011). Results of parasitological examinations of faecal samples from cats and dogs in Germany between 2003 and 2010. Parasitol Res. 109 (Suppl 1), 45-60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-011-2402-8 PMid:21739375    
  3. Otranto, D., Dantas-Torres, F., Brianti, E., Traversa, D., Petrić, D., Genchi, C., Capelli, G. (2013). Vector-borne helminths of dogs and humans in Europe. Parasites Vectors 6, 16. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-6-16 PMid:23324440 PMCid:PMC3564894
  4. Esko, S. (1994). Endoparasites dogs in Sarajevo and their importance in the war environment of the city. Doctoral disertation, University of Sarajevo [in Bosnian]
  5. Omeragić, J., Jažić, A., Zuko, A. et al. (1998). The results of coprological tests for developing forms of endoparasites on dogs and cats in the Sarajevo region for the years 1997-1998. Veterinaria 47(1-2)
  6. Omeragić, J. (2002). Investigation of Toxocarosis in the area of the Herzegovina. Master thesis, University of Sarajevo [in Bosnian]
  7. Hrvat, H. (2015). Investigation of protozoa from the class of Sporozoea and Zoomastigophorea of dogs in area of northeast Bosnia. Thesis, University of Sarajevo [in Bosnian]   
  8. Klarić Soldo, D., Omeragić, J., Zuko, A. et al. (2019). Investigation of parasites in dogs and cats and contamination of soil and plant vegetation with parasites in the area of the City of Sarajevo. Veterinaria 68, 115-119.     
  9. Zajac, A.M., Conboy, G. (2012). Veterinary clinical parasitology. 8th ed. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing
  10. Johnston, S.P., Ballard, M.M., Beach, M.J., Causer, L., Wilkins, P.P. (2003). Evaluation of three commercial assays for detection of Giardia and Cryptosporidium organisms in fecal specimens. J Clin Microbiol. 41,623-626. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.41.2.623-626.2003 PMid:12574257 PMCid:PMC149727             
  11. Thienpont, D., Rochette, F., Vanparijs, O.F.J. (1979). Diagnosing helminthiasis trough coprological examination. Beerse: Janssen Research Foundation
  12. Nikolić, A., Dimitrijević, S., Katić-Radivojević, S., Klun, I., Bobić, B., Djurković-Djaković, O. (2008). High prevalence of intestinal zoonotic parasites in dogs from Belgrade, Serbia. Acta Vet Hung. 56, 335-340. https://doi.org/10.1556/avet.56.2008.3.7 PMid:18828485         
  13. Xhaxhiu, D., Kusi, I., Rapti, D., Kondi, E., Postoli, R., Rinaldi, L., Dimitrova, Z.M., Visser, M., Knaus, M., Rehbein, S. (2011). Principal intestinal parasites of dogs in Tirana, Albania. Parasitol Res. 108, 341-353. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-010-2067-8 PMid:20878182    
  14. Riggio, F., Mannella, R., Ariti, G., Perrucci, S. (2013). Intestinal and lung parasites in owned dogs and cats from central Italy. Vet Parasitol. 193, 78-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.11.026 PMid:23265188
  15. Zanzani, S.A., Gazzonis, A.L., Scarpa, P., Berrilli, F., Manfredi, M.T. (2014). Intestinal parasites of owned dogs and cats from metropolitan and micropolitan areas: prevalence, zoonotic risks, and pet owner awareness in northern Italy. Biomed Res Int. 2014, 696508. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/696508 PMid:24883320 PMCid:PMC4022196    
  16. Ferreira, A., Margarida-Alho, A., Otero, D., Gomes, L., Nijsse, R., Overgaauw, P.A.M., Madeira de Carvalho, L. (2017). Urban dog parks as sources of canine parasites: contamination rates and pet owner behaviours in Lisbon, Journal of Environmental and Public Health 7, 5984086. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/5984086 PMid:28947905 PMCid:PMC5602491    
  17. De Liberato, C., Berrilli, F., Odorizi, L., Scarcella, R., Barni, M., Amoruso, C., Scarito, A., et al. (2018). Parasites in stray dogs from Italy: prevalence, risk factors and management concerns. Acta Parasitol. 63, 27-32. https://doi.org/10.1515/ap-2018-0003 PMid:29351076  
  18. Scaramozzino, P., Carvelli, A., Iacoponi, F., De Liberato, C. (2018). Endoparasites in household and shelter dogs from Central Italy. IJVS. 6, 45-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijvsm.2018.04.003 PMid:30255077 PMCid:PMC6148681    
  19. Paoletti, B., Traversa, D., Iorio, R., De Berardinis, A., Bartolini, R., Salini, R., Di Cesare A. (2015). Zoonotic parasites in feces and fur of stray and private dogs from Italy. Parasitol Res. 114, 2135-2141. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-015-4402-6 PMid:25773179    
  20. Klarić, D., Radetić, V., Gajić, N., Cviko, A., Grabovica, E., Smajlović, A., Crnkić, Ć., Omeragić, J. (2015). Control of parasites in the kennel of Belgian shepherd dog. Abstract book, International Congress "One World - One Health - One Vision", October 14-16 (pp.28), Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina        
  21. Bartosik, J., Lojek, J., Puchala, M., Kaczyk, J., Górski, P., Długosz, E., Zygner, W. (2019). Prevalence of intestinal parasites detected in routine coproscopic methods in dogs and cats from the Masovian voivodeship in 2012-2015. Med Weter. 75, 293-297. https://doi.org/10.21521/mw.6153
  22. Kohansal, M.H., Fazaeli, A., Nourian, A., Haniloo, A., Kamali, K. (2017). Dogs' gastrointestinal parasites and their association with public health in Iran. J Vet Res. 61, 189-195. https://doi.org/10.1515/jvetres-2017-0024 PMid:29978072 PMCid:PMC5894391            
  23. Omeragić, J., Zuko, A., Jažić, A. et al. (2002). Tick borne babesiosis of dogs in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Proceedings, 27th World Veterinary Congress, September 25-29, Tunis, Tunisia. 
  24. Capelli, G., Genchi, C., Baneth, G., Bourdeau, P., Brianti, E., Cardoso, L., Danesi, P., et al. (2018). Recent advances on Dirofilaria repens in dogs and humans in Europe. Parasites Vectors 11, 663. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-3205-x PMid:30567586 PMCid:PMC6299983          
  25. Genchi, C., Rinaldi, L., Mortarino, M., Genchi, M., Cringoli, G. (2009). Climate and Dirofilaria infection in Europe. Vet Parasitol. 163, 286-292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.03.026 PMid:19398159             
  26. Zahirović A, Omeragić J, Jažić A et al. (2015). The occurrence and geographical distribution of canine dirofilariasis in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The 2nd Conference on neglected vectors and vector-borne diseases (EURNEGVEC), May 24-26, Izmir, Turkey.           
  27. Omeragić, J., Beck, R., Klarić, D., Bačić E. (2018). Dirofilaria repens in canine testicles in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Veterinaria 67(1): 37-40.  
  28. Jurković, D., Beck, A., Huber, D., Mihaljević, Ž., Polkinghorne, A., Martinković, F., Lukačević, D., et al. (2019). Seroprevalence of vector-borne pathogens in dogs from Croatia. Parasitol Res. 118, 347-352. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-018-6129-7 PMid:30377795    
  29. Pantchev, N., Norden, N., Lorentzen, L., Rossi, M., Rossi, U., Brand, B., Dyachenko, V. (2009). Current surveys on the prevalence and distribution of Dirofilaria spp. in dogs in Germany. Parasitol Res. 105, 63 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-009-1497-7 PMid:19575227    
  30. Genchi, C., Kramer, L. (2017). Subcutaneous dirofilariosis (Dirofilaria repens): an infection spreading throughout the old world. Parasites Vectors 10 (Suppl 2), 517. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-017-2434-8 PMid:29143643 PMCid:PMC5688444     
  31. Solarczyk, P., Majewska, C.A. (2010). A survey of the prevalence and genotypes of Giardia duodenalis infecting household and sheltered dogs. Parasitol Res. 106, 1015-1019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-010-1766-5 PMid:20155370      
  32. Strkolcova, G., Madar, M., Hinney, B., Goldová, M., Mojžišová, J., Halánová, M. (2015). Dog's genotype of Giardia duodenalis in human: first evidence in Europe. Acta Parasitol. 60, 796-799. https://doi.org/10.1515/ap-2015-0113 PMid:26408607
  33. Solano-Gallego, L., Sainz, Á., Roura, X., Miro, G. (2016). A review of canine babesiosis: the European perspective. Parasites & Vectors 9, 336. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-016-1596-0 PMid:27289223 PMCid:PMC4902949    
  34. Ćoralić, A., Gabrielli, S., Zahirović, A., Stojanović, N.M., Milardi, G.L., Jažić, A., Zuko, A., et al. (2018). First molecular detection of Babesia canis in dogs from Bosnia and Herzegovina. Ticks Tick Borne Diseases 9, 363-368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ttbdis.2017.11.013 PMid:29290581 
  35. Duh, D., Tozon, N., Petrovec, M., Straseka, K., Avsic-Zupanc, T. (2004). Canine babesiosis in Slovenia: molecular evidence of Babesia canis canis and Babesia canis vogeli. Vet Res. 35, 363-368. https://doi.org/10.1051/vetres:2004018 PMid:15210084           
  36. Hamel, D., Silaghi, C., Knaus, M., Visser, M., Kusi, I., Rapti, D., Rehbein, S., Pfister, K. (2009). Detection of Babesia canis subspecies and other arthropod-borne diseases in dogs from Tirana, Albania. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 121, 42-45. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-009-1234-3 PMid:19915816

Copyright

© 2021 Omeragić J. This is an open-access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Citation Information

Macedonian Veterinary Review. Volume 44, Issue 1, Pages 63-70, e-ISSN 1857-7415, p-ISSN 1409-7621, DOI: 10.2478/macvetrev-2021-0011, 2021

The all content of the Macedonian Veterinary Review, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License.