Original Scientific Article
Metabolic profile and hormonal status comparison between prımıparous and multıparous non-cyclıc cows
Besir Jasari ,
Branko Atanasov ,
Irena Celeska ,
Miroslav Radeski ,
Martin Nikolovski ,
Toni Dovenski *

Mac Vet Rev 2018; 41 (2): 195 - 201

10.2478/macvetrev-2018-0022

Received: 28 December 2017

Received in revised form: 19 June 2018

Accepted: 07 July 2018

Available Online First: 19 September 2018

Published on: 15 October 2018

Correspondence: Toni Dovenski, dovenski@fvm.ukim.edu.mk
PDF HTML

Abstract

Several reports indicated that a large proportion of dairy cows have not resumed cyclicity until day 60 after calving. These cows are traditionally classified as non-cycling (anoestrous or anovular cows). Static ovaries (SO, lack of luteal tissue and follicles >8 mm, and progesterone < 0.5 ng/mL) could be a possible underlying reason that contributes to a non-cycling status. Although SO affects both primiparous (PP) and multiparous (MP) cows, PP cows are more prone to be non-cycling than MP. Therefore, this study aims to compare the metabolic profiles and hormonal status between non-cycling PP and MP cows diagnosed with SO. One hundred and twenty one animals that did not express signs of oestrus until day 60 postpartum were grouped by parity (PP, n=58 and MP, n=63), then blood sampled and examined using transrectal ultrasonography. Blood samples were collected before the ultrasonographic examination. Out of those, 42 PP (72.4%) and 28 MP (44.4%) were diagnosed as non-cycling (bearing SO). Serum concentrations of triglycerides, cholesterol, total protein and albumin did not differ between parity groups. The glucose concentrations in PP cows (1.43 ± 0.59 mmol/L) and MP cows (1.69 ± 0.71 mmol/L) did not differ, however, they were less than the normal physiological concentration. In addition, no differences were detected between parity groups for concentrations of NEFA, β-HBA, progesterone and estradiol. In summary, we concluded that non-cycling PP and MP cows bearing SO have similar hormonal status and metabolic profiles.

Keywords: static ovary, metabolic profile, P4, E2, ultrasound, cow


References

1. Opsomer, G., Mijten, P., Coryn, M., de Kruif, A. (1996). Post-partum anoestrus in dairy cows:a review. Vet Quart. 18, 68-75. https://doi.org/10.1080/01652176.1996.9694620 PMid:8792599
2. Ambrose, D., (2011). Postpartum anestrus and its management in dairy cattle. In:Richard M. Hopper (Ed.), Bovine Reproduction. First Ed. John Wiley &Sons, Inc.
3. Santos, J.E.P. (2011). Nutritional management of lactating dairy cows. In:Dairy production medicine, (pp. 81-98). John Wiley &Sons, Inc., Ames, IO, USA.
4. Gümen, A., Guenther, J.N, Wiltbank, M.C. (2003). Follicular size and response to ovsynch versus detection of estrus in anovular and ovular lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 86, 3184 –3194. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(03)73921-6
5. Leblanc, S. (2010). Monitoring metabolic health of dairy cattle in transition period. J Repro Dev. 56, 23-35. https://doi.org/10.1262/jrd.1056S29
6. Dovenski, T., Kocoski, Lj., Trojacanec, P., Popovski, K., Mickovski, G., et al. (2000). Ultrasound diagnosis of functional ovarian disorders in dairy cows and its adequate treatment. Proceedings Symposium on veterinary clinical pathology and therapy “Clinica Veterinaria“, 35-50. Budva. [in Serbian]
7. Wiltbank, M.C., Gumen, A., Sartori, R. (2002). Physiological classification of anovulatory conditions in cattle. Theriogenology 57, 21–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-691X(01)00656-2
8. Lucy, M., Staples, C., Thatcher, W., Erickson, P., Cleale, R., Firkins, J., Brodie, B. (1992). Influence of diet composition, dry-matter intake, milk production and energy balance on time of post-partum ovulation and fertility in dairy cows. Animal Science 54(3):323-331. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003356100020778
9. Lacetera, N., D. Scalia, U., Bernabucci, B., Ronchi, D., Pirazzi, A., Nardone, (2005). Lymphocyte functions in over conditioned cows around parturition. J. Dairy Sci. 88, 2010-2016. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)72877-0
10. Stamples, C.R., Thatcher, W. W., Clark, J.H., (1990). Relationships between ovarian activity and energy status during the early postpartum period of high producing dairy cows, J. Dairy Sci. 56, 608–612.
11. Kawashima, C., Sakaguchi, M., Takahashi, Y., Matasui, M., Miyamoto, A. (2007). Metabolic profiles in ovulatory and anovulatory primiparous dairy cows during the first follicular wave postpartum. J. Reprod. Dev. 53(1):113-120. https://doi.org/10.1262/jrd.18105 PMid:17043386
12. Rossi, F., Righi, F., Romanelli, S., Quarantelli, A. (2008). Reproductive efficiency of dairy cows under negative energy balance conditions. Ann. Fac. Medic. Vet. Di Parma 28, 173-180.
13. Butler, S.T., Marr, A.L., Pelton, S.H., Radcliff, R.P., Lucy, M.C., Butler, W.R. (2003). Insulin restores GH responsiveness during lactation - induced negative energy balance in dairy cattle:effects on expression of IGF - I and GH receptor 1A. The Journal of Endocrinology 176, 205 –217. https://doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1760205 PMid:12553869
14. Folnožić, I., R. Turk, D., Đuričić, S., Vince, Flegar-Meštrić, Z., Sobiech, P., Lojkić, M., Valpotić, H., Samardžija, M. (2016). The effect of parity on metabolic profile and resumption of ovarian cyclicity in dairy cows. Vet. Arhiv 86, 641-653.
15. Remond, B., Cisse, M., Ollier, A., Chilliard, Y. (1991). Slow release somatotropin in dairy heifers and cows fed two levels of energy concentrate. J. Dairy Sci. 74, 1370-1381. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78292-1
16. Dovenski T. (1997). Comparison between the ovarian echograms and blood progesterone and estradiol levels in cows during the estrous cycle in the postpartum period and in non-pregnant cows. Dissertation, Zagreb. [in Croatian]
17. Atanasov, B., Mickov, Lj., Esmerov, I., Ilievska, K., Nikolovski, M., Dovenski, T. (2014). Two possible hormonal treatment methods for inducing follicular growth in dairy cows with inactive-static ovaries. Mac Vet Rev. 37(2):171-177. https://doi.org/10.14432/j.macvetrev.2014.09.023
18. Silva, E., Sterry, R. A., Fricke, P. M. (2007). Assessment of a practical method for identifying anovulatory dairy cows synchronized for first postpartum timed artificial insemination. J. Dairy Sci. 90, 3255–3262. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2006-779 PMid:17582109
19. Stevenson, S. J., Tenhouse, D. E., Krisher, R. L., Lamb, G. C., Larson, J. E., Dahlen, C. R., et al. (2008). Detection of anovulation by Heatmount detectors and transrectal ultrasonography before treatment with progesterone in a timed insemination protocol. J. Dairy Sci. 91, 2901–2915. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2007-0856 PMid:18565948
20. Santos, J.E.P., Rutigliano, H.M., SáFilho, M.F., (2009). Risk factors for resumption of postpartum cyclicity and embryonic survival in lactating dairy cows. Anim. Repro. Sci. 110, 207-221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2008.01.014 PMid:18295986
21. Hayashi, Ken-Go, Motozumi, M., Takashi S., Natsuko, S., Ayako, S., Koumei, S. et al. (2008). Absence of corpus luteum formation alters the endocrine profile and affects follicular development during the first follicular wave in cattle. Reproduction 136, 787–797. https://doi.org/10.1530/REP-07-0480 PMid:1∋982
22. Stober, M., Grunder, H.D., Kreislauf, I.N., Rosenberger, G. (1978). Die klinische untersuchung des Rindes. [Clinical examination of the cows] 2. aufl. Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin und Hamburg. [in German]
23. Lucy M. (2016). The role of glucose in dairy cattle reproduction. WCDS Advances in Dairy Technology 28, 161-173.
24. Leroy, J.L., Vanholder, T., Van Knegsel, A.T., Garcia-Ispierto, I., Bols, P.E. (2008). Nutrient prioritization in dairy cows early postpartum:mismatch between metabolism and fertility?Reprod. Domest. Anim. 43 Suppl 2, 96-103. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01148.x PMid:1↾110
25. Diskin, M.G., Mackey, D.R., Roche, J.F., Sreenan, J.M. (2003). Effects of nutrition and metabolic status on circulating hormones and ovarian follicle development in cattle. Anim. Repro. Sci. 78, 345–370. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4320(03)00099-X
26. Butler, S.T., Pelton, S.H., Butler, W.R. (2004). Insulin increases 17 beta - estradiol production by the dominant follicle of the first postpartum follicle wave in dairy cows. Reproduction 127, 537 –545. https://doi.org/10.1530/rep.1.00079 PMid:15129009
27. Stewart, R.E., Spicer, L.J., Hamilton, T.D., Keefer, B.E. (1995). Effects of insulin-like growth factor I and insulin on proliferation and on basal and luteinizing hormone-induced steroidogenesis of bovine thecal cells:involvement of glucose and receptors for insulin-like growth factor I and luteinizing hormone. J. Anim. Sci. 73, 3719–3731. https://doi.org/10.2527/1995.73123719x PMid:⇏449
28. McDougall, Williamson, N.B., Macmillan, K.L. (1995). GnRH induces ovulation of a dominant follicle in primiparous dairy cows undergoing anovulatory follicle turnover. Anim. Reprod. Sci., 39(3):205-214. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-4320(95)01385-D
29. Adewuyi, A.A., Gruys, E., van Eerdenburg, F.J.C.M. (2005). Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) in dairy cattle. A review. Veterinary Quarterly 27(3):117 126. https://doi.org/10.1080/01652176.2005.9695192 PMid:16238111


Copyright

© 2018 Jasari B. This is an open-access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declared that they have no potential conflict of interest with respect to the authorship and/or publication of this article.

Citation Information

Macedonian Veterinary Review. Volume 41, Issue 2, Pages 195-201, p-ISSN 1409-7621, e-ISSN 1857-7415, DOI: 10.2478/macvetrev-2018-0022, 2018