Original Scientific Article
Use of hormonal and ultrasonographic examinations to determine the fetal number in Bulgarian local goats
Manol Karadaev
,
Ivan Fasulkov
*
,
Radina Vasileva
,
Nasko Vasilev
Received: 02 March 2018
Received in revised form: 22 June 2018
Accepted: 22 August 2018
Available Online First: 18 November 2018
Published on: 15 March 2019
Correspondence: Ivan Fasulkov, i.fasulkov@gmail.com
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to determine the fetal number in goats by using hormonal and ultrasonographic examinations. The experiments were conducted with 106 clinically healthy Bulgarian local goats, 1.5 to 7 years of age, weighing 35-52 kg. Hormonal examinations were performed on 24 goats. Serum progesterone concentrations were measured during a 7 days interval, between 21-63 day of pregnancy, and during a 14 days interval until the 133rd day of pregnancy. Ultrasound examinations were performed on 82 goats with a multi-frequency linear transducer (5.0-12.0 MHz). All animals were studied once during an interval of 7 days transrectally (21-28 day, 29-35 day, 36-42 day) and transabdominally (43-49 day, 50-56 day, 57-63 day), respectively. The accuracy of determining the number of singleton and multiple pregnancies by hormonal analysis were 51%, 58%, 69% and 47%, 52%, 62%, respectively. The accuracy of ultrasonography to determine the number of fetuses is highest in singletons 76.18%, followed by twins 72.56% and the lowest in triplets and more fetuses 21.43%. Highest accuracy, sensitivity and positive predictive diagnosis were established in the period 43-49 day of pregnancy (P<0.05). The obtained results show that the most appropriate period is between 42 and 49 day of pregnancy for determination of the fetal number in Bulgarian local goats using ultrasonography.
Keywords: goats, ultrasonography, fetal number, progesterone
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Copyright
© 2018 Karadaev M. This is an open-access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Acknowledgment
The authors are grateful to the staff of the goat private farms for their assistance during experiments.
Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors declared that they have no potential conflict of interest with respect to the authorship and/or publication of this article.
Citation Information
Macedonian Veterinary Review. Volume 42, Issue 1, Pages 35-42, p-ISSN 1409-7621, e-ISSN 1857-7415, DOI: 10.2478/macvetrev-2018-0029, 2018
10.2478/macvetrev-2018-0029
