Original Scientific Article
Identification the presence of clade 2.3.2.1C-Avian influenza H5N1, a highly pathogenic virus in Iraq, 2018
Furkan Alaraji * ,
Hussam Muhsen ,
Abdullah O. Alhatami ,
Yahia Ismail Khudhair

Mac Vet Rev 2019; 42 (2): 189 - 194

10.2478/macvetrev-2019-0024

Received: 04 March 2019

Received in revised form: 25 July 2019

Accepted: 17 August 2019

Available Online First: 10 September 2019

Published on: 15 October 2019

Correspondence: Furkan Alaraji, alaraji@uokufa.edu.iq
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Abstract

For the first time in Iraq, we identified in March, 2018 the presence of a highly virulent avian influenza virus (AIV), H5N1 (Clade 2.3.2.1c), causing highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in poultry farms, Iraq, . The identification of the virus was done using a rapid serological test, a real time-qPCR, and glycoprotein gene sequencing. Using sequencing and phylogenetic analyses, the clade 2.3.2.1c virus was recorded to be clustered, with high similarity to Asian and West African AIV, HPAI H5N1 from Ivory Coast identified in 2015. According to our knowledge, there was no previous detection of the clade 2.3.2.1c made in Iraq. Our results provide evidence that high risk of HPAI H5 outbreaks might be present in Iraq, and this needs to lead to high quality surveillance targeting of wild and domestic birds for early diagnosis of HPAI. The current work provides feasible and accurate approaches for understanding the evolution of HPAI H5 virus in different countries around the world.

Keywords: avian influenza, H5N1, phylogeny

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Copyright

© 2019 Alaraji F. This is an open-access article publishedunder the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License whichpermits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,provided the original author and source are credited.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declared that they have no potential conflict of interest with respect to the authorship and/or publication of this article.

Citation Information

Macedonian Veterinary Review. Volume 42, Issue 2, Pages 189-194, e-ISSN 1857-7415, p-ISSN 1409-7621, DOI: 10.2478/macvetrev-2019-0024, 2019

The all content of the Macedonian Veterinary Review, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License.